Keratoconus (KC) is a condition characterized by progressive thinning and steepening of the central cornea. The cornea is the clear window of the eye and is responsible for focusing most of the light coming into the eye. Therefore, abnormalities of the cornea can severely affect the way we see the world.

In its earliest stages, KC may cause slight blurring and distortion of vision. Glare and increased sensitivity to light are not uncommon. These symptoms usually begin to appear in the late teens and early twenties. The condition rarely develops after age 30. The continued thinning of the cornea usually progresses slowly for 5 to 10 years and then tends to stabilize. Occasionally, it is rapidly progressive. Interestingly, KC tends to be bilateral but each eye may be affected to a different degree.

When KC is diagnosed in the early stages, vision may be correctable with glasses. Due to its progressive nature however, frequent changes in one’s glasses prescription may be necessary.  If the cornea continues to thin and change shape, rigid gas permeable contact lenses can be prescribed to correct vision more adequately.

In about 20% of KC cases, a corneal transplant becomes necessary. Corneal transplant surgery is indicated when a patient cannot wear contact lenses for an acceptable period of time or when the vision, even with contacts, is unsatisfactory. In corneal transplantation, the diseased central cornea of the KC patient is surgically removed and is replaced with the healthy cornea of a recently deceased person.

About 1/ 2000 people will develop keratoconus. Fortunately, most people will have a mild or moderate form of the disease. Research in this field is continually ongoing. Therefore, to insure the best possible vision and to answer any questions you might have, it is important to maintain regular follow up with the doctors of the East West Eye Institute.